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N.nizah – Peluru
digunakan serangan kimia di Syria 'boleh jadi yang asli atau improvisasi' -
PBB. Penyiasatan PBB menyimpulkan senjata kimia telah digunakan pada skala yang
agak besar di kawasan Ghouta Damsyik itu pada 21 Ogos. Tetapi, laporan itu
adalah tidak jelas sama ada senjata yang digunakan milik Assad atau pasukan
pemberontak.
Misi
PBB membuat kesimpulan bahawa terdapat “bukti yang jelas dan meyakinkan bahawa
roket permukaan-ke-permukaan yang mengandungi ejen saraf sarin telah digunakan
dalam Ein Tarma, Moadamiyah dan Zamalka [kejiranan] di kawasan Ghouta Damsyik.”
Pada
masa yang sama, laporan itu masih tidak jelas dari segi yang kepadanya roket
permukaan-ke-permukaan milik - pemberontak atau kuasa-kuasa kerajaan.
Laporan
38 muka surat telah disusun oleh pasukan pakar PBB, yang diperiksa Damsyik pada
akhir bulan lepas, dan dipungut lebih 30 sampel dari mangsa dan alam sekitar.
Pasukan
PBB berkata bahawa mereka mempunyai masa yang terhad untuk menjalankan siasatan
dan amaran bukti yang mungkin telah “dipindahkan” atau “dimanipulasi”, dengan
lain-lain lagi melawat tapak sebelum dan semasa siasatan.
Warheads
used in Syria chemical attack ‘could be original or improvised’ – UN. The UN
investigation concluded chemical weapons were used on a relatively large scale
in the Ghouta area of Damascus on August 21. But, the report is unclear whether
the weapons used belonged to Assad’s or rebel forces.
The
UN mission concluded that there was “clear and convincing evidence that
surface-to-surface rockets containing the nerve agent sarin were used in the
Ein Tarma, Moadamiyah and Zamalka [neighborhoods] in the Ghouta area of
Damascus.”
At
the same time, the report remains unclear in terms of whom those
surface-to-surface rockets belonged to – rebels or government forces.
The
38-page report was compiled by a UN expert team, which inspected Damascus at
the end of last month, and collected over 30 samples from victims and the
environment.
The
UN team noted that they had limited time to conduct the investigation and
cautions that evidence might have been “moved” or even “manipulated”, with many
others visiting the sites before and during the investigation
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Daripada
5 tapak kesan disiasat oleh PBB, hanya 2 dapat menyediakan "trajektori
mungkin” daripada roket.
Bukti
pulih dari tapak yang pertama dipanggil Moadamiyah menunjukkan bahawa peluru
digunakan “sepadan dengan salah satu varian [Soviet] M14 meriam roket".
PBB menyatakan bahawa kepala peledak (tidak kelihatan di tapak kesan) boleh
telah “asal atau diubahsuai.”
Satu
titik kesan di tapak telah dikenal pasti sebagai kawah dan “motor roket utuh”
ditemui serentak dengan itu, bersama-sama dengan serpihan logam kecil “yang
bertaburan di luar kawah”.
“Tidak
ada tanda-tanda kerosakan di sekitar kawah telah disebabkan oleh letupan atau
bahan letupan,” kata laporan itu berkata, sambil menambah bahawa ini bermakna
bahawa kepala peledak tidak berada di tempat kejadian kesan akhir.
Laporan
itu menjelaskan: “roket pada mulanya kesan sudut bangunan apartmen tingkat 2 bersebelahan
ke timur, dengan kepala peledak sama ada berfungsi atau dipotong keluar dari
badan . . . dan bahagian motor yang mempunyai tenaga kinetik yang mencukupi
untuk terus di sepanjang jalan untuk webnya lokasi terminal. "
Senjata
ini telah diterangkan dalam laporan itu sebagai mempunyai “cat cahaya kelabu”,
nombor hitam “97-179” di sebelah, dan ukiran Cyrillic pada cincin bahagian
bawah enjin.
“Enjin
10 muncung jet telah diperintahkan dalam bulatan pada akhir roket dengan plat
sentuhan elektrik logam di tengah-tengah.”
UN was able to use ‘two out
of five sites’ for trajectory evidence
Of
the five impact sites investigated by the UN, only two were able to provide the
“likely trajectories” of the rockets.
Evidence
recovered from the first site called Moadamiyah showed that the munitions used
“matches one of the variants of the [Soviet] M14 artillery rocket”. The UN
noted that the warhead (not seen at the impact site) could have been “original
or improvised.”
An
impact point at the site was identified as a crater and “the intact rocket
motor” was found coincident to it, along with small metal fragments “scattered
outside of the crater”.
"There
was no indication of damage around the crater having been caused by a blast or
explosives,” the report stated, adding that this meant that the warhead was not
at the scene of the final impact.
The
report explains: “The rocket initially impacted the corner of the second floor
of an adjacent apartment building to the east, with either warhead functioning
or shearing off from the body . . . and the motor section having sufficient
kinetic energy to continue along its path to its terminal location.”
The
weapon was described in the report as having “light gray paint”, black numbers
“97-179” on the side, and Cyrillic engravings on the bottom ring of the engine.
“The
engine had 10 jet nozzles ordered in a circle at the end of the rocket with a
metal electrical contact plate in the middle.”
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from www.un.org (think IN pictures
@1WORLDCommunity)
Bukti
pulih daripada laman yang ke-4 dikenal pasti sebagai Ein Tarma mendedahkan
bahawa senjata yang digunakan dipadankan berkaliber mm, roket meriam 330, yang
ciri-ciri “terdiri dengan sebuah roket berpandu ‘unguided.”
Pakar-pakar
PBB mencadangkan bahawa berdasarkan “orientasi dan kesan kawah” dan kerosakan
lain di kawasan itu, roket dilepaskan dari kawasan yang tidak ditentukan di
barat laut.
Enjin
roket terdiri daripada “6 penstabil sirip”, yang “sama disusun dalam bulatan
dan stabil dengan cincin logam.” Salah satu roket beberapa mempunyai 153
disembur di tengah-tengah tiub enjin.
Tiub
enjin dilampirkan kepada kepala peledak mempunyai “plat logam depan dengan benang
fius di tengah-tengah.”
Peledak
roket nampaknya telah pergi luar sebelum memberi kesan kepada bangunan,
melepaskan kandungannya sebelum melalui struktur ke lokasi terakhir.
Reaksi
antarabangsa untuk laporan tersebut telah bercampur dengan Rusia kata laporan PBB
yang baru dilancarkan pada serangan kimia 21 Ogos tidak menawarkan “data peluru
atau kesimpulan” pada siapa yang mengarahkan ia.
Sebaliknya,
Amerika Syarikat dan Britain berkata kajian itu mengesahkan rejim di belakang
serangan.
Evidence
recovered from the fourth site identified as Ein Tarma revealed that the weapon
used matched a 330 mm caliber, artillery rocket, which had features “consisted
with that of an unguided rocket.”
The
UN experts suggested that based on the “orientation and impact craters” and
other damage in the area, the rockets were fired from an unspecified area to
the northwest.
The
rocket engine consisted of “six stabilizer fins”, which were “equally arranged
in a circle and stabilized with a metal ring.” One rocket had a number 153
sprayed in the middle of an engine tube.
The
engine tube attached to the warhead had a “front metal plate with a fuse thread
in the center.”
The
rocket warhead appeared to have gone off prior to impacting the building,
releasing its contents before going through the structure to its final
location.
International
reaction to the report has been mixed with Russia’s UN representative says the
newly unveiled report on the chemical attack of August 21 offers no
“bulletproof data or conclusions” on who ordered it.
In
contrast, the US and UK say the study confirms the regime was behind the
attack.
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