Presiden China, Xi Jinping (C) menunjukkan jalan kepada para tetamu dari Infrastruktur Asia Investment Bank di Dewan Besar Rakyat di Beijing pada 24 Oktober 2014 (Chinese President Xi Jinping (C) shows the way to the guests of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on October 24, 2014 (AFP Photo/Takaki Yajima)
niZAh - Cina & India yg menyokong 21 negara $100 billion Infrastruktur Asia Investment Bank (AIIB) yg utk mencabar kpd Bank DUNIA & Bank Pembangunan Asia.
Memorandum persefahaman telah ditandatangani dengan 21 negara-negara Asia di Beijing hari ini. Australia, Indonesia dan Korea Selatan tidak hadir berikutan tekanan tersembunyi dari Washington.
Bank pembangunan telah dicadangkan tahun lalu oleh Presiden China, Xi Jinping dan menawarkan pembiayaan bagi projek-projek infrastruktur di negara-negara Asia yang belum berkembang.
Beribu pejabat di Beijing, bekas ketua China International Capital Corp bank pelaburan Jim Liqun, dijangka memainkan peranan utama.
Bank itu pada mulanya akan dipermodalkan dengan $ 50 bilion, sebagian besar disumbangkan oleh China. Negara ini merancang untuk meningkatkan modal dibenarkan kepada $ 100 bilion. Dengan jumlah bahawa AIIB akan 2/3 saiz $175 billion Bank Pembangunan Asia.
India akan menjadi bank pemegang saham yang ke-2 terbesar walaupun Kuwait, Qatar, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Nepal, Oman, dan semua negara-negara di Persatuan Asia Tenggara, kecuali Indonesia yang terlibat.
Australia, Indonesia dan Korea Selatan tidak mengambil bahagian berikut klaim dari 'kebimbangan' mengenai saingan kpd pemberi pinjaman pelbagai hala yang didominasi Barat.
Jepun, saingan utama China di Asia, yang menguasai Bank Pembangunan Asia ber-sama-sama dengan Amerika Syarikat, tidak hadir tetapi telah tidak dijangka ber-buat demikian.
Indonesia enggan menyertai mendakwa ia memerlukan masa untuk membincangkan cadangan China.
Kata Australian Financial Review Setiausaha Negara Amerika Syarikat John Kerry sendiri telah meminta Perdana Menteri Australia, Tony Abbott untuk "mengelak-kan" dari menyertai AIIB.
"Australia telah berada di bawah tekanan dari Amerika Syarikat untuk beberapa waktu untuk tidak menjadi anggota pengasas bank dan ia difahami Encik Kerry meletakkan kes itu terus kepada Perdana Menteri apabila pasangan bertemu di Jakarta pada Isnin berikutan pelantikan Presiden Indonesia Joko Widodo, "kata akhbar itu.
Korea Selatan, salah satu sekutu paling rapat Amerika di Asia, adalah prevarica-ting ALSE. Kementerian Kewangan yang berkata ia berbicara dengan China untuk meminta lebih banyak masa untuk mempertimbangkan butiran seperti tadbir urus AIIB dan prinsip-prinsip operasi.
Para pejabat Amerika Syarikat mengatakan mereka tidak mahu untuk menyokong inisiatif Washington difikirkan tidak mungkin untuk menggalakkan alam sekitar, perolehan dan piawaian hak asasi manusia baik dengan cara yg Bank DUNIA dan ADB dikehendaki lakukan.
Tetapi pegawai-pegawai Cina yakin pembangkang Amerika adalah satu percubaan untuk membendung kebangkitan global China dan cita-cita untuk kekal kuasa yang dominan di Asia.
"Anda boleh menganggap ini sebagai permainan bola keranjang di mana Amerika Syarikat mahu menetapkan tempoh permainan, saiz mahkamah, ketinggian bakul dan segala sesuatu yg lain yg sesuai dengan dirinya," Wei Jianguo, bekas Menteri Perdagangan China, kepada Financial Times.
Matius Goodman, sarjana di Pusat Strategik dan Pengajian Antarabangsa di Was-hington DC percaya inisiatif Bank BRICS dan AIIB "mewakili cabaran institusi serius pertama dalam tatanan ekonomi global."
Menteri Kewangan Cina Lou Jiwei berkata AIIB akan menetapkan standard yang tinggi, melindungi dasar dan memperbaiki dasar birokrasi, tidak realistik dan tidak relevan, menurut agensi berita Xinhua.
CHINA launches New WORLD Bank RIVAL . . .
China and India are backing a 21 country $100 billion Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) to challenge to the World Bank and Asian Development Bank.
Memorandum of understanding were signed with 21 Asian countries in Beijing Friday. Australia, Indonesia and South Korea were absent following hidden pressure from Washington.
The development bank was proposed a year ago by Chinese President Xi Jinping, and is to offer financing for infrastructure projects in underdeveloped Asian countries.
Headquartered in Beijing, former chairman of the China International Capital Corp investment bank Jim Liqun, is expected to take a leading role.
The bank will initially be capitalized with $50 billion, most of it contributed by China. The country is planning to increase authorized capital to $100 billion. With that amount the AIIB would be two-thirds the size of the $175 billion Asian Development Bank.
India will be the second largest bank shareholder though Kuwait, Qatar, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Nepal, Oman, and all the countries of the Association of Southeast Asia, except Indonesia are involved.
Australia, Indonesia and South Korea did not participate following US claims of ‘concerns’ about a rival to Western-dominated multilateral lenders.
Japan, China's main rival in Asia, which dominates the Asian Development Bank along with the United States, did not attend but had not been expected to do so.
Indonesia refused to participate claiming it needs time to discuss China’s proposal.
The Australian Financial Review said US Secretary of State John Kerry had personally asked Australian Prime Minister Tony Abbott to “steer clear” from joining AIIB.
"Australia has been under pressure from the US for some time to not become a founding member of the bank and it is understood Mr. Kerry put the case directly to the prime minister when the pair met in Jakarta on Monday following the inauguration of Indonesian President Joko Widodo," the paper said.
South Korea, one of America’s closest allies in Asia, is alse prevaricating. Its finance ministry said it spoke with China to request more time to consider details such as the AIIB's governance and operational principles.
US officials have said they do not want to support an initiative Washington thinks is unlikely to promote good environmental, procurement and human rights standards in the way the World Bank and ADB are required to do.
But Chinese officials are convinced the American opposition is an attempt to contain the global rise of China and its ambition to remain the dominant power in Asia.
“You could think of this as a basketball game in which the US wants to set the duration of the game, the size of the court, the height of the basket and everything else to suit itself,” Wei Jianguo, a former Chinese commerce minister, told the Financial Times.
Matthew Goodman, scholar at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington DC believes the initiatives of a BRICS Bank and AIIB “represent the first serious institutional challenge to the global economic order.”
Chinese Finance Minister Lou Jiwei said the AIIB will set high standards, safeguard policies and improve on bureaucratic, unrealistic and irrelevant policies, according to the Xinhua news agency.
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